SAWN TIMBER - commonly used to describe processed wood, which already shaped by sawing machine. The term can be different in other countries, for example in North America the term “lumber” is used.
SAWING PATTERN - describes the certain set and position of board dimensions selected that will be sawn out from one round wood.
BLUE STAIN - type of wood defect that is caused by mould or fungous. Common problem in summer time if fresh round wood or un-kilned sawntimber is left outside too long. To minimize the risk of blue stain and mould the fresh logs should constanly sprinkled by water and sawn timber packages should have separation laths between each layer and should be stored as windy area as possible.
FOHS - free of heart center. Sawing method where no heart wood is allowed in main product. The section of heart wood is rejected or produced into other size.
EX-LOG - commonly used to describe the sawing method. Number before the term “ex-log” is showing how many pieces of timber is cutted from the middle section of the log.
CENTERBOARD or CENTERCUT - term is used to describe the the cutted timber position within sawing pattern. Timber which is cut from the middle section of the log. Usually centerboards are with the higher quality and value.
SIDEBOARD or SIDECUT - used to describe the cutted timber position within sawing pattern. Sideboard is the timber which is cut from the side section of the log.
OVER MEASURE - used mostly when discussing about unkilned timber (WET) to indicate how much is the kilning margin. Usually stated as % from the thichkness or width. Timber is shrinking during the kilning and there have to be some margin if you want to get certain measure after the kilning. EXAMPLE: if 50x150 spruce timber is kilned to 18% moisture then the actual sawing size must be around 52x156 (~4% of the volume will shrink in kilns).
SQUARE EDGED - edges of the timber are cut with 90 degrees. Used to describe the quality of sawn timber. Usually square edged timber is with higher value.
WANE EDGED - Used to describe the quality of sawn timber. Wane is the edge area where round wood surface is still visible. Can be caused by selecting wrong diameter of roundwood, sawing defect or mechanical damage. Material with wane is sometimes refered as “lower grade”.
YIELD - indicating the amount of main products (mostly sawn timber) that is gained from production. Usually stated as % of volume. Yield 50% is indicating that from one 1m3 of logs the outcome of sawntimber is 0.5m3. Yield can be described also as in amount of logs that is needed to produce 1m3 of timber. Yield 2.0 meaning that to produce 1m3 of sawntimber the amount of 2.0m3 of logs are needed this is also equal to 50%. Yield 45% in other way is 2.22.
PLANED TIMBER - commonly used to describe processed wood, which is already shaped / profiled by planing machine.
SHAVINGS - side product of planing process. Small thin strips of wood that can be used as rawmaterial for burning pellets.
MOE - module of elasticity. Describes how much of piece of sawntimber is bending if certain amount force is applyed to timber. Value is used to determine the strength of timber. Commonly used for estimating the value of MOR.
MOR - module of rupture. Describes the force needed to break the piece of sawn timber.
MSR - machine stress rated. The production process where the strength of sawn timber is evaluated by special machinery. Many technologies available for this purpose.
Value is used to determine the strength of sawn timber.
S4S PLANING - surfaced 4 sides. Material is planed on all 4-sides or “planed-all-around”.
CLS PLANING - Canadian Lumber Standard.
PET - precise end trimming. Describes very accurate length trimming method.
