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Quick know-how of sawmilling industry and forestry
In this page we have collected some of the wood-industry “key terms” that can help You to orientate in forestry and sawmilling communication. We are continually up-dating the list, so if You can’t find the term You are looking for then please come back soon or ask us!
RAWMATERIAL (ROUND WOOD):
ROUND WOOD - rawmaterial for wood industry. Also refered as logs.
PULP LOGS - mostly used to describe small diameter logs which can’t be used to produce sawn timber. Used as rawmaterial in paper industry.
SAWN TIMBER - commonly used to describe processed wood, which already shaped by sawing machine. The term can be different in other countries, for example in Canada the term is “lumber”.
EX-LOG - commonly used to describe the sawing method. Number before the term “ex-log” is showing how many pieces of timber is cutted from the middle section of the log.
CENTERBOARD or CENTERCUT - term is used to describe the the cutted timber position within sawing pattern. Timber which is cut from the middle section of the log.Usually centerboards are with the higher value.
SIDEBOARD or SIDECUT - used to describe the cutted timber position within sawing pattern. Sideboard is the timber which is cut from the side section of the log.
OVER MEASURE - used mostly when discussing about unkilned timber (WET) to indicate how much is the kilning margin. Usually stated as % from the thichkness or width. Timber is shrinking during the kilning and there have to be some margin if you want to get certain measure after the kilning. EXAMPLE: if 50x150 spruce timber is kilned to 18% moisture then the actual sawing size must be around 52x156 (~4% of the volume will shrink in kilns).
SQUARE EDGED - edges of the timber are cut with 90 degrees. Used to describe the quality of sawn timber. Usually square edged timber is with higher value.
WANE EDGED - Used to describe the quality of sawn timber. Wane means edge area of the sawn timber where edge is not cut with 90 degree. Maybe caused by sawing defect or by mechanical damage. Sometimes refered as “lower grade”.
KILNING (MOISTURE):
KD (Kiln Dried) - used to indicate refer to kilndried timber. Number after them “KD” is indicating the moisture % within timber it has been kilned to. EXAMPLE: KD18 - timber is kilned to 18% moisture. KD8 - timber is kilned to 8%.
WET - used to describe unkilned “fresh” timber. Also refered as “unseasoned”, “green”
SHIPPING DRY - used to refer to timber which is kilned to KD18%
PACKING:
LP (Length Package) - Term to describe the package type (usually 1m in height and 1m in width) where in the pack all the pieces of timber are with the same length.
TP (Truck Package) - Term to describe the package type (usually 1m in height and 1m in width) where pieces with several lengths are packed into one pack.
PLANING:
PLANED TIMBER - commonly used to describe processed wood, which already shaped / profiled by planing machine.
S4S PLANING - used to indicate to 4 side planing method. Planed on 4-sides or “planed-all-around”.
